泥人哥连出世记
4.0 |2025年02月24日 |HD中字
简介:

  德国表现主义代表作品
  A
  公元4世纪的犹太教法典(Talmud)中提到过Rava造golem的事。Rava的全称叫Rabbi Abba ben Rav Hamma,他造了一个不会说话的“人”。他把这个“人”送到Rav Zera面前,由于它对问话没有反应,Zera就说:“你准是由我的某个同行造的。回归尘土吧。” (Sanhedrin 65b)  在宗教意义上,只有上帝造的人才是完整的人,才会说话,而Rava造的不是真正的人。按照犹太传统,当时那些拉比(Rabbis)和大贤(Sages)都能造人或者动物Golems,这并没有什么特别之处。
  B
  Golem的传说后来逐渐改变,十七世纪由布拉格的Rabbi Loew(Rabbi意犹太教的学者)创造了一个Golem来保护住在犹太区的犹太人免遭反犹主义的暴力侵扰。为避免麻烦,故事中的学者总是在Golem完成它的使命以后,再自觉地把它重新变回为无生命的泥土。一天,Rabbi忘记将Golem变回泥土,当城市所有人已经作礼拜去了,Golem发怒毁坏全城。这个故事架构一直到十九、二十世纪都还在文学著作里出现,最著名的是Gustav Meyrink的《Der Golem》,在一九一五年普遍被阅读,值得探究的是,这样的小说刚好出现在工业革命的时代。这反映了人们对于科技所带来伦理的挑战的惶恐。
  C
  1920年由Carl Boese和Paul Wegener执导的经典默片Der Golem, wie er in die Welt kam (The Golem: How He Came Into the World) 就是改编自Gustav Meyrink的小说。这部影片集中体现了德国表现主义艺术的特点,对Fritz Lang等导演产生过重大影响。其中精心设计了手提灯光、煤油灯光、火炬等一系列光源效果,用于表现人物的心理状态,营造影片的环境气氛。这种具有表现力地运用灯光效果的方法,最终发展为所有德国电影形式表现的一大特征,同时也为电影恐怖片的造型的表现手段提供了经验。
  D
  Golem的传说同样也是玛丽·雪莱的著名科幻小说《弗兰肯斯坦》的来源之一,不过不同的是:传说中的Golem笨拙、鲁莽,既不知道自己有多大的力量,也不知道自己有多笨或者有多无知;而在玛丽·雪莱笔下,维克多·弗兰肯斯坦所创造的怪物虽然莽撞,但却善于学习,极富人性,懂得痛苦、同情、怜悯、爱慕、悔恨等等人类的情感,甚至比年轻的弗兰肯斯坦本人还成熟些。十八世纪的启蒙运动由提倡理性主义发展到后期,理性开始压抑人的情感,理性主义变成一种冰冷僵硬的东西。于是在德国兴起了反对启蒙运动的浪漫主义运动,十九世纪前期,浪漫主义文学席卷欧美,玛丽·雪莱的《弗兰肯斯坦》就是在这个背景下诞生的。不过在通俗文学中反理性反科学的倾向总是显得有些矫枉过正,科学和科学家的形象被简单化、平面化,这种描绘“科学怪人”的方式在默片时代的德国表现主义电影中曾经十分兴盛,后来一直在好莱坞许多拙劣的科幻片(这种片子的一大特点就是不断拍摄越来越拙劣的续集)中继续。
  E当代科学哲学研究最热门的一个方向是科学知识社会学(SSK),研究方法是深入到科学具体研究过程中,细致考察经费筹集、论文发表等每一个环节,研究科学知识是如何建构起来的,强调社会因素在建构过程中的作用。SSK的代表人物柯林斯和平奇在1993年出版过一本普及性的小册子,名字就叫Golem,翻译成《勾勒姆:关于科学人们应知道些什么》。柯林斯坦诚地说,他这部书是想用“勾勒姆”解释“科学”,“我们试图证明它不是一个邪恶的造物,只是有点疯狂(或译成‘傻’)(it is not an evilcreature but it is a little daft)。不要责备勾勒姆科学的过失;是我们人类在犯错误。如果勾勒姆尽力做其自己的事情,它不应受到责备。但是我们不能奢望过多。勾勒姆尽管强有力,它却是我们的文化(art)或者我们的技艺(craft)的造物。”SSK常常被斥为带有反科学倾向,但可以看出,它与浪漫主义时期的反科学倾向完全不同。它所描绘的科学形象丰满,有血有肉,它所谓的“反科学”无非是要抹去那些被强加于科学的重重面纱,还科学一个真实的面目,绝非19世纪简单的拒斥、贬低科学。

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魔鬼湖
680
10.0
HD中字
魔鬼湖
10.0
更新时间:2025年02月24日
主演:未知
简介:

  Set in an unspecified French village, the locals are shocked when a group of girls skinny dipping in the nearby lake (all very tastefully done I hasten to add) are killed by a group of zombiefied Nazi soldiers, that spring up out of the waters and drag them down to their demise.
  A couple of detectives are brought in to try and solve the mysterious murders, only to end up as the zombies next victims. It turns out that during the war, the French resistance ambushed and killed a squad of German soldiers and dumped the bodies into the nearby lake, but failed to take notice of any of the local superstitions (never a wise move). Although, seeing as this film appears to be set in the early 80's, why it's taken so long for them to emerge and start killing people is a bit of a mystery, but there you go.
  Not-with-standing, the villagers quickly organise a lynch mob to take down the zombie menace, only to end up being decimated by the undead soldiers, who's 'convincing' zombie make-up basically consists of green paint, which doesn't even cover the whole of the actors faces and keeps washing off in the lake.
  There's also a bizarre sub plot about one of the zombies visiting his former daughter, who strangely still looks all of 12 despite the fact she should be in her 40's if she was born near the end of the war, but then since when did logic ever come into these films? Such as why do their uniforms still look almost new despite being underwater for 40 years, or how come the skinny dipping girls are only knee deep in the water when viewed from the lakeside, yet appear to be swimming in 12 feet of it from the underwater shots?
  Bad acting, naff zombie make-up (the aforementioned green face paint), painfully obvious underwater shots filmed in a swimming pool, not to mention the plot inconsistencies bigger than the aforementioned lake itself. Low budget doesn't even begin to describe this film, which quite unbelievably was directed by respected Eurohorror director Jean Rollin, albeit under the pseudo name J A Laser.
  That's not to say the film isn't without merit. I bust a gut laughing at the thoroughly ridiculous scenes of the zombies attacking the naked young girls, and the equally ridiculous slapstick battle with the angry villagers. Utterly hilarious, grab the six pack and the popcorn and have a blast!

8800
1981
魔鬼湖
主演:
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