467
8.0

格尔尼卡

导演:
阿伦·雷乃,Robert Hessens
主演:
玛丽亚·卡萨雷斯,Jacques Pruvost
别名:
未知
8.0
467人评分
法语
语言
未知
上映时间
未知
片长
简介:

  1937年西班牙内战其间,德国战机应西班牙国民军政府的要求,向巴斯克城市格尔尼卡猛烈轰炸,造成严重伤亡。毕加索激于义愤,绘画了这有如炼狱般的惨状,着火的房子,惊惶失措的人畜,嚎哭的丧子之母,控诉着战争的残暴。为此,毕加索与独裁者佛朗哥决裂,流亡至巴黎,老死不还乡。这幅画原本收藏于美国大都会博物馆,佛朗哥Franco死后,遵毕加索遗言重返故国。
  
  1936年,毕加索担任共和政府任命的普拉多美术馆名誉馆长期间,为保护艺术珍品,作出了自己的贡献。1937年初,他创作了蚀刻画《佛朗哥的梦和谎言》。这是一组连环漫画式的版画,共有18个画面,另加一首隐晦的、丑化佛朗哥的题诗。画家通过出售这组画的复制品将售款捐作共和政府的救济金。就在创作这组作品时,发生了"4月26日事件"。因此,这组画中的最后4个画面,与日后创作的Guernica《格尔尼卡》有关密切的联系。组画中的公牛在最后的画面中,抵伤了象征佛朗哥的马形怪物。该组画被复制后,法国当局作为宣传品,用飞机将其散发到了佛朗哥占领区。在此前不久,毕加索曾受委托为普拉多美术馆创作一幅大型壁画,作为该年夏季在巴黎召开的万国博览会中西班牙馆的装饰画。在他还未构思的时候,发生了骇人听闻的"4月26日事件"。这就是德国法西斯的空军,悍然轰炸了西班牙北部巴斯克的重镇格尔尼卡,造成了和平居民的伤亡。当这一消息传到巴黎后,愤怒的毕加索怀着"对那把西班牙沈浸在痛苦与死亡的海洋中的好战集团的厌恶和鄙视",立即以这一事件为题材,只用了6个星期的时间,于6月5日创作完成了351×782厘米的巨幅壁画《格尔尼卡》。该画以后期立体主义语言表现了战争带给人类的灾难,鞭鞑了法西斯。该画在巴黎亮相后,受到了广泛的关注。1938年,它还在挪威、英国、美国等进行了巡回展出。在德国占领法国期间,毕加索不向德国法西斯低头、不为利诱所动,表现了高尚的民族气节。表示以自己的绘画作为『抵抗和打击敌人的战斗武器』。

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  Salomé (1923), a silent film directed by Charles Bryant and starring Alla Nazimova, is a film adaptation of the Oscar Wilde play of the same name. The play itself is a loose retelling of the biblical story of King Herod and his execution of John the Baptist (here, as in Wilde's play, called Jokaanan) at the request of his stepdaughter, Salomé, whom he lusts after.
  Salomé is often called one of the first art films to be made in the U.S.[citation needed] The highly stylized costumes, exaggerated acting (even for the period), minimal sets, and absence of all but the most necessary props make for a screen image much more focused on atmosphere and on conveying a sense of the characters' individual heightened desires than on conventional plot development.
  Despite the film being only a little over an hour in length and having no real action to speak of, it cost over $350,000 to make. All the sets were constructed indoors to be able to have complete control over the lighting. The film was shot completely in black and white, matching the illustrations done by Aubrey Beardsley in the printed edition of Wilde's play. The costumes, designed by Natacha Rambova, used material only from Maison Lewis of Paris, such as the real silver lamé loincloths worn by the guards.
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  Salomé was screened in 1989 at the New York International Festival of Lesbian and Gay films and in 1990 at the New York Gay Experimental Film Festival.
  In 2000, the United States Library of Congress deemed the film "culturally significant" and selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry.

963
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